Parents of Stanisław Monarski (Mondszajna): Henryk and Michalina née Czernuszewicz, Kiev 1916.
Our family name is Mondszajn. In German it is written Mondschein. Mond is the moon and Schein is the light. Both words put together mean "moonlight." Everyone knows the "Mondschein Sonate", i.e. the "Moonlight Sonata" by Ludwig van Beethoven. From the notes of my father Henryk, I determined that my great-grandfather, Karol Mondszajn, married my great-grandmother, Franciszka Fejga. They both lived in the Czech town of Bystřice pod Hostýnem in the Austro-Hungarian partition. Karol was a carpenter by profession.
From this union, W. was born in Bystřice 1868 year my grandfather, who in adulthood took over the carpenter profession from his father. At baptism he was named Franciszek.
Franciszek Mondszajn's future wife - Władysława Helena Szyling - was born 15 March 1868 year. She was the daughter of Andrzej Szyling, an Evangelical denomination, a blacksmith by profession, and Leonora Szyling née Zienkiewicz, a resident of the village of Łukowo near Maków Mazowiecki. The Zienkiewicz family, appointed by King Jan III Sobieski, was included in the so-called gołota nobility. My grandmother's parents lived in Warsaw. Andrzej Szyling was the owner of a horse-drawn carriage, which he operated himself. He was buried at the Bródno Cemetery.
Franciszek Mondszajn and Władysława Helena Szyling, Leonora's daughter, got married June 10 1888 year in Warsaw, in the Praga district. The copy of the marriage certificate is the first document I have found in which the surname Mondschein is given correctly.
Franciszek and Władysława Helena, i.e. my grandfather and my grandmother, lived in Praga at 18 Grochowska Street (before the numbering change), on Lake Kamionkowski. My father, who was their oldest child, was born 30 May 1890 year. He had two sisters - Leokadia and Stefania - and a brother, Jan. My grandfather was a carpenter and an avid fisherman. In autumn 1904 year, while fishing, he fell into Lake Kamionkowskie. He caught a cold, contracted pneumonia and died. He was 36 years old. After Franciszek's death, Władysława Helena took over the full care of the children. Later, Henryk helped her support her family, who, while attending a craft school, became an installer of water supply turbine pumps and steam turbines intended for hydrodynamic plants supplying water and electricity to residents of large cities.
When he was fifteen, his father joined a locksmith's apprenticeship Adam Waszniecki at the street Trębacka 13. He finished it after three years - 1 Września 1908 year. He received a journeyman's book. He was unemployed for over a year. Only January 22 1910 year he got a job in Locksmith Factory of Leon Ogórkiewicz and Jan Zagórny.
2 February 1911 year he was employed as a fitter at Zakłady Mechaniczne Brandel, Witoszyński i S-ka. My father started earning well. He could support his mother and siblings. In his youth, he practiced mountain climbing and wrestling with his friends in the "Sokół" sports club.
W 1914 year, the Kiev authorities presented the factory Brandel offer for the purchase and commissioning of water pumps. After talking to his father, the factory owners sent him to Kiev to fulfill the order. After arriving at the place, my father learned that the contract had been extended to include the installation of a steam turbine with a generator in the leather tannery in Berdyczów.
Parents of Stanisław Monarski (Mondszajna): Henryk and Michalina née Czernuszewicz, Kiev 1916.
After assembling and commissioning the power-hydraulic units, Henryk did not have time to return to Poland. The revolution caught up with him. At that time, his mother, sisters and brother were also in Kiev with him, whom he invited to visit.
My father lost his job at a water pump station in Kiev. He took a job as an orderly at a local hospital. After completing the course, he became a steam engine driver. He drove freight and passenger trains on the Kiev-Berdyczów route.
W 1919 year, while working as a train driver in Soviet Ukraine, he met my mother, Michalina Czernuszewicz, née Stebanowska. Her family lived in Berdyczów. My mother, my grandmother, came from a Polish family, and my father, my grandfather, came from a Ukrainian family.
Henryk Monarski (in the middle) at the lathe.
W 1922 year everyone returned to the country. My parents lived in a single room in a single-story wooden house on the street Prince Janusz (now Olbrachta) in Wola. The parents had three sons and a daughter, Janina. I was born June 23 1924 year.
Shortly after settling down modestly, my father started working at... engineer Stefan Twardowski in a factory built on Grochowska. It was already a plant with an extended production profile. On November 11, 1918, Stefan Twardowski started producing steam turbines. Weakened by the difficult living conditions in Ukraine, my father fell ill with typhus. He was in the Infectious Diseases Hospital on Wolska Street. His condition was so serious that a priest was called to administer last rites to him.
During my father's stay in the hospital, my mother was looking for a job. She was helped by the descendants of Gustaw Gebethner, the founder and co-owner of a well-known publishing and bookselling company in Warsaw. The square and the house where the parents lived were adjacent to the Gebethner estate. They became friends. Despite the difference in professions, their surnames brought them together: Gebethner-Mondszajn. With the help of the Gebethners, my mother was accepted to work at the Szlenkier Factory. The parents got married January 25 1923 year in the Church of St. Stanisława on Wolska Street.
While working at the engineering plant Stefan Twardowski, In addition to his profession as a specialist in centrifugal pumps, his father also became a steam turbine fitter. He was a respected and talented professional. It was a long way from home to work. Trams did not reach Ksiącia Janusza Street. He had to get to Młynarska, and then he had to change trains to Grochowska. Only in 1929 a tram line was connected to Ksiącia Janusza Street.
My father led the team that assembled the products manufactured at the plant of Eng. Twardowski pump in the Fast Filter Plant. The facility was officially launched on March 23, 1933 - on the 50th anniversary of the existence of waterworks and sewage systems - by President Ignacy Mościcki.
Stefan Twardowskiand he was not only a high-class specialist, but also a very humane boss in relation to his employees. He provided them with, among other things, material assistance in building their own houses near Warsaw. My father also benefited from this help, deciding to build a two-story family house at Bocheńskiego Street (formerly Sosnkowski) in Nowy Rembertów. Next door, on the same street, two-story houses were built by my father's siblings: Leokadia, Jan and Stefania. Leokadia graduated from the Faculty of Philology of the University of Warsaw and got a job at this university. Jan - a turner, worked at Polskie Zakłady Lotnicze. Stefania taught Polish, history and geography at school.
In order to ensure the pace and quality of the house construction, we moved from Ksiącia Janusza Street to Nowy Rembertów. The carpenter Antoni Frankiewicz and his family offered us a place to stay. Nowy Rembertów was experiencing a construction boom at that time. It was quickly built next to the "old" Rembertów, located on the left side of the railway line.
From the left: Stanisław Monarski and Edward Czerwiński junior.
We moved to an unfinished building - we took a premises on the ground floor. The remaining members of my father's family came from Warsaw and, like us, they lived in single rooms of unfinished houses. At that time, I was attending the first grade of a private school in Stare Rembertów at ulica Gwiazdacka, because the primary school was still under construction. Mom was pregnant - 17 Września 1931 my brother Zdzisław Wojciech was born in the same year.
The father often went away to assemble pumps and steam turbines, so the mother, in addition to taking care of her sons, had to deal with construction. The construction of family houses was completed in 1933 year.
During the summer holidays, before entering the first grade of junior high school, August 1937my father took me to Rumia. He was to assemble and run centrifugal pumps in a pumping station supplying drinking water to Gdynia. My joy was great. For me it was a great trip.
We left in the evening by passenger train. In the morning the train stopped in Gdańsk. A Prussian gendarme in a navy blue uniform entered our compartment. On his head he had a very shiny metal helmet with a German eagle on it. He checked his ID documents and left the compartment. After a while, Polish soldiers entered and did the same thing. When the train started moving, I asked my father to explain the incident. He said that we had crossed the Polish-German border. We arrived in Rumia at noon. My father had already ordered a room - accommodation with meals - from the farmer Kashubia. It was harvest time. My father went to work at the pump station, and the farmer took me with him to the field, to which we were transported by a team consisting of a wagon and two chestnut horses. He let me ride his horse bareback until I fell off.
I visited my father at the pumping station several times and admired his mastery as a pump fitter.
W 1939 I turned fifteen last year. I attended primary school in Nowy Rembertów and two classes of junior high school run by the Order of Salesian Priests in Sokołów Podlaski.
After the Germans entered Poland, the production of industrial plants was stopped. The father was unemployed. Our mother saved us from great poverty. She opened a store - a grocery store selling pre-occupation products. After restarting by engineer Stefan Twardowski the factory's father started working there again. The demand for steam pumps and turbines also increased due to war damage.
Son of Edward Czerwiński (from the left) and Stanisław Monarski.
Young people were not only deprived of the opportunity to study, but were also exposed to many dangers from the Nazis. Therefore, three employees - Szczepan Łazarkiewicz, Edward Czerwiński and my father - turned to the owner of the plant with a request to employ their family members. Engineer Stefan Twardowski he accepted their requests. He took Edward Czerwiński's sons: Edward and Stefan to learn the locksmith profession. To learn the profession of a turner - Leszek Łazarkiewicz, nephew of the pump designer, Eng. Szczepan Łazarkiewicz and me. Leszek Łazarkiewicz's friend, Ryszard Laskowski, worked at the plant. Leszek Łazarkiewicz and Ryszard Laskowski, like me, lived in Rembertów and were active in underground organizations throughout the occupation, in Independent Poland, Sword and Plow, and from 1942 brand year in the Home Army. Leszek took the conspiratorial pseudonym "Atos" (like one of the musketeers), Ryszard - "Qvintus" (fifth), and I - Parvus (small). Every morning we met at 6:30 at the Rembertów station and went to work together. In the morning, the wagons on the electric trains on the Mińsk Mazowiecki-Warszawa Wschodnia route were so overcrowded that we could only get on after "fighting a fight". Packed like sardines in a can, we reached Wschodnie, and from there we reached the factory on foot or by tram.
The entrance to the plant was guarded by two guards: Jan Drzazga, a night watchman, and Wojciech Kowalski, a former driver of the plant's owner. In the morning, after ringing the bell, Wojciech Kowalski always opened the door. After greeting our colleagues, we went to the cloakroom to put on our work clothes.
After changing clothes, we took up our workstations. Leszek at the lathe shop - his vocational teacher was Karol Kuch. Ryszard - in the tool shop operated by locksmith Antoni Anterszlak. He was my first machining teacher Jan Mondszajn, my father's brother, who worked at the Polish Aviation Works in Warsaw before the war. In the production hall, in addition to the machining machines being driven by belt transmission, there were four lathes operating "Beryngers" with individual electric motor drive and Norton gearbox. "Beryngers" served by: Boniface Stolarkiewicz, Józef Raczko, Bronisław Perkowski and Wacław Szymański. IN 1940 year, during mass round-ups, the Germans took Bronisław Perkowski and tracer Marian Dudek to Auschwitz. The position of tracer was taken by Aleksander Karczewski. Bronisław Perkowski returned, and Marian Dudek died of exhaustion.
I started learning metal machining - under my uncle's supervision - by turning pins with a cylindrical and conical collar ending with an inch thread for a nut. They were intended to connect electric motors with turbine pumps and steam turbines with power generators. Ignacy Złotkowski taught me how to use a heavy hammer to season lathe knives and harden them in olive oil and water to a blue color. The first contact with him was disastrous. Instead of hitting the tip of the red-hot knife, I hit the anvil. The hammer jumped back, freed itself from my hands, and fell to the floor. Mr. Ignacy's reprimand was appropriately strong. Science has not gone to waste. Such an incident never happened again.
From the left: Leszek Łazarkiewicz (turner) and Ryszard Laskowski (locksmith).
My lathe was against the wall. From the windows I could see the entrance to the office, and behind it our neighbor - Polskie Zakłady Optyczne. My uncle was working next to me on the left. They worked for me: Henryk Stanisławskand on the second lathe and boring machine, and the oldest turner among the employees, Teofil Fernik. Every day at eight o'clock the master of the tool shop Antoni Anterszlak he recommended to the student Ryszard Laskowski launching two belt transmissions in the production hall. At this signal, the seventy-person crew began work. He came to the office before nine o'clock - I saw him through the window - head of the technical department for turbine testing, engineer Wacław Twardowski. The following people also came to the office at this time: production manager Stanisław Kruś, gchief designer engineer Szczepan Łazarkiewicz and accountant Bohdan Kozerski, which paid "weekly wages" on Saturday. The interns hired with me earned about PLN 150 a week. I gave the first "emoluments" I received for work to my father and mother.
Unexpectedly - for both me and my father - Jan Mondszajn left the plant engineer Stefan Twardowski. He was admitted to the telephone plant (Dzwonkowa) at Grochowska Street. We were both very disappointed with his decision because I had not yet learned many of the steps required to operate a lathe. Especially the operation of cutting various types of inch and metric threads with even and odd pitches and setting gears in the "guitar".
My worry didn't last long. Master Wincenty Piotrowski, my father and Henryk Stanisławski they informed me that Mr. Stanisławski he will take care of me until I receive the title of journeyman. Stefan Twardowski During the occupation, he organized a kitchen and a canteen in two rooms adjacent to the raw materials warehouse, where tasty regenerative soups were served during breaks - between 12 p.m. and 12:30 p.m. He also ordered a grain mill to be made and placed in the room, where workers could process grain into flour or groats. This example encouraged illegal, side-production, the so-called a job to satisfy their own household needs, which the owner of the plant and the foreman looked at with a pinch of salt.
Carbide tubes were also made on the side, especially useful in towns near Warsaw, where there were frequent power outages. Equipment for producing moonshine from rye, molasses or sugar was also manufactured. Locksmith colleagues made locks and special bolts for turners to protect against burglary in basements and rooms.
In addition to learning the profession of a turner, I had the opportunity to try my hand at performing on stage. The head of Primary School No. 2, Zdzisław Sosnowski and Maria Pigułowska, decided to take care of former students by creating an amateur youth theater. The school's huge gym allowed the organization of such a theater. During the occupation, my friends: Janina Wróblewska, Zofia Wysocka and Barbara Korzeniowska performed on this "stage". And also colleagues: Marian Łączyński, Jan Świdziński, Tadeusz Janczar (then still bearing the surname Musiał), Józef Nalberczak, Tadeusz Bienias, Jan Pytka, Zbigniew Neffe and Ryszard Laskowski.
A team of young amateurs led by Zdzisław Sosnowski and Maria Pigułowska
he staged, among others: "Fat Fish" by Michał Bałucki, "Maiden Vows" by Aleksander Fredro and "The Cottage Behind the Village" based on the novel by Józef Ignacy Kraszewski.
The following actors played in "Chata za village": Zofia Zarzycka (Aza), Ryszard Wilczyński (Tumry), Leszek Łazarkiewicz (matchmaker). I was entrusted with the role of Aprash, which - like the others - I learned at home and at work on the lathe, during the initial operations of the so-called skinning.
Before the premiere, our director, Maria Pigułowska, asked me to get a permanent wave to look like a Gypsy. The parents agreed to this. My hair caused a sensation in the factory. I went to work and returned to Rembertów with my friend Leszek Łazarkiewicz. One day - after changing my hairstyle, but before the premiere of "The Cottage Behind the Village" - when, as usual, we were walking together after work to the Eastern Railway Station, on the corner of Targowa and Grochowska streets I noticed two Germans in field gendarme uniforms. One of them reacted strangely when he saw me. After walking a few steps, I heard a shout: "Halt!" Halt! I approached the gendarme. He demanded an Aussie or a Kennard card. When I started to take out my ID card from the inside pocket of my jacket, the gendarme suddenly took out a parabellum pistol from the holster and shouted: - Hände hoch! — at the same time he pressed the barrel of the gun into my stomach. The second gendarme took out his ID card and started repeating my name loudly. He asked if I was a gypsy. Knowing German was useful to me. I replied that I was Polish. I answered the next question about whether I was a Jew in the same way. I also explained that I worked as a turner in a pump factory. - Komm mal her! - ordered one of the gendarmes and took me to the gate. There he said that I was not a Jew. He gave me back my ID card and told me to go away. After returning to Rembertów, before I went home, I stopped at a hairdresser. I had myself reduced to a bald state. The next day, my head, from which the perm and black "Gypsy" hair had disappeared, made a great impression at the factory. During the meal break, I told my friends about everything.
W July 1942 year, after sixteen months of work on a lathe with a belt drive from the transmission, foreman Wincenty Piotrowski i Henryk Stanisławski they called me and told me that I was to take over the lathe shop "Beryngera", where Bronisław Perkowski worked. It was a joyful surprise for me. I was recognized as a good and efficient employee.
The lathe I was entrusted with had an individual drive connected to a gearbox, unlike a belt one. On such a lathe, the spindle rotates for skinning and finishing parts and connecting gears on the guitar in the box for threading
inch and metric sizes could be set with the appropriate lever position. Her service gave me satisfaction and job satisfaction.
I always remember my guardian and vocational teacher with great respect. It is to his credit that the foreman entrusted me with a modern lathe.
There was camaraderie and mutual kindness among the interns.
SEPTEMBER 16, 1942 year (my father was on a field trip) I left for work in the morning. On the way to the railway station, I met my friends Leszek Łazarkiewicz and Ryszard Laskowski. The wind was so strong that we had to force it and walk along the sidewalk, leaning low. When we entered the platform, people waiting for the electric train to arrive looked in silence towards the "old" Rembertów. Right next to the station, ten bodies were hanging on two gallows. They were hanged Poles - Pawiak prisoners, underground activists, mainly soldiers of the People's Guard and members of the Polish Workers' Party. The sight of dead figures swaying in the wind, the creaking of wooden gallows and the dead silence of people gathered on the platform increased the stress.
On October 16, 1942, ten Pawiak prisoners were hanged at the railway station in Rembertów.
There was a constant shortage of wood used to light peat or coal in the kitchen and stove, so I went to the forest with my friends to get wood. One day, two Wehrmacht soldiers arrested us. They took us to the Rembertów artillery training ground and locked us in a cell. The Germans told us that we would be deported to the Reich for forced labor. This calmed us down a bit, that they wouldn't shoot us.
In the evening, the cell door opened and the German translator informed me and two friends: Knap and Kes that we were released from custody. It was a great surprise and relief for us. It turned out that we owed our release to names. Our families explained that they were of Austrian origin. Four bottles of moonshine also helped. A stopped and hidden radio receiver with an antenna was the source of information transmitted from England by Polish reporters. We were happy to hear about the frontline successes of English, American, French, Polish and Soviet troops.
The news broadcast on the radio about the great defeat of the Germans near Moscow was confirmed by numerous railway transports with wounded German, Spanish and Italian soldiers passing through the station in Rembertów from east to west.
W May 1943 year - after completing a course in the use of small arms of various calibers and designs, German-made stud grenades, and field communications equipment - the Home Army in Rembertów ordered tactical exercises.
The lecturers of this specialty were Eugeniusz Bocheński, pseudonym "Dubaniec", and Stefan Łyszkiewicz, pseudonym "Pechowiec". On Sunday at six o'clock in the morning, about two hundred unarmed Home Army soldiers took a position in the line in front of the Buchaka forest, along Działyńscy Street. We made a mock attack on the triangulation point in the town of Groszówka, located east of Rembertów. The exercise was discussed at the triangulation tower. The order to disperse was given around nine thirty.
My friends came back with me: Zdzisław Awiło, Jan Pytka, Tadeusz Bienias. The sun behind us was shining brightly. Walking through the thickets and bushes, we saw single flashes of light, and in a moment a mounted unit of German soldiers moving on a dirt road towards the triangulation point. We were lucky that the exercise ended early. Besides, the flashes from our polished helmets saved us.
April 10 1944 In the same year, the Home Army liquidated Gestapo informer Artur Fischer at 16 Olbrachta Street (currently Republikańska Street) in Rembertów. The sentence was carried out by "Julian" - Władysław Granowski. My friend, Home Army member "Atos" - Leszek Łazarkiewicz - took part in the action.
My father, anticipating the imminent end of the war and the possibility of an offensive of Soviet troops on Warsaw, which could end in the destruction of the plant, asked engineer Stefan Twardowski for issuing me a certificate confirming employment at the Mechanical Plant.
At the end of August, the roar of artillery guns coming from the east and the flights of combat planes with a red star on their wings gave hope that the liberation of Rembertów by Soviet troops was approaching. The fact that the Germans had lost the war was evidenced by the numerous medical trains with freight wagons full of wounded Wehrmacht soldiers passing through Rembertów to the west.
At the beginning August 1944 year, Wehrmacht soldiers began taking men from their homes to an organized forced labor camp on the premises of "Pocisk" in Rembertów, where fuses and artillery shell heads were produced before the war. My father told me to hide in our hiding place, saying that they wouldn't take him because he was quite old - he was 54 at the time. It happened differently than he expected. They took him away. On the third day, my distraught mother asked me to report to the camp myself and take care of my father. The same day, my mother and I went to "Pocisk". We saw a camp fenced with barbed wire. There were quite tall guard towers in its corners. My friends and their fathers were behind the barbed wire. The German camp commandant eagerly agreed to my request to volunteer to work in the camp. I entered the gate. My father was dissatisfied, but then it turned out that my mother's decision was right because she saved us from losing our lives.
In "Pocisk" we had to dismantle production equipment and load it onto freight wagons. After completing this work, we were ordered to cut down pine trees in the local forest and build the so-called Spanish goats. We delivered them to the second line of German defense. After setting them up, we returned to the camp under the convoy. We drank a canteen of water and went to bed in our clothes. At night, floodlights from the towers illuminated the entire camp.
In the camp, the translator was a Ukrainian in a Vlasovsky uniform - Jan Kazimierchuk. He warned my father about his intention to move the camp and advised him to escape with me. We escaped during another chojak logging. Hiding in the dense forest and bushes, we reached the house. After dinner, we hid in camouflaged hiding places in the attic to rest for the night.
The Ukrainian saved our lives. Ryszard Knap, my friend, was transported with other "campers" to East Prussia, to the region of Masuria. He dug trenches and built dams with Spanish goats. Then, together with others, he was deported to Mauthausen. He died there
from exhaustion.
9 Września 1944 year we woke up to planes flying at low altitude and the sounds of exploding bombs. One of them made the whole house shake. An hour later we heard the tramp of people running and serial gunshots. When the shots stopped, we came out of hiding. We saw Soviet soldiers. Their parents welcomed them and thanked them for their deliverance.
11 September the recruitment of young people into the Polish Army began. Zygmunt Duszyński - commander of the Volunteer Fire Department in Rembertów, commander of the People's Guard of the Right Bank of Warsaw, and later deputy minister of national defense - proposed that the Home Army members jointly join the Polish Army. I expressed my desire to join. My colleagues from the Home Army did the same: Tadeusz Bienias, Zdzisław Awiło, Jan Pytka and Jan Świdziński.
I became a soldier of the 2nd heavy machine gun company "Maksim" of the 6th Infantry Regiment of the 2nd Infantry Division of the First Polish Army. We took up firing positions on the embankment of the right bank of the Vistula, on the right side of the destroyed railway bridge, opposite the Warsaw Citadel.
I commanded the CKM "Maksim" team and was the liaison between the commander of the 2nd CKM company and the commander of the 2nd battalion of our regiment. While performing a liaison task, I met Leszek Łazarkiewicz and Ryszard Laskowski. They both served in the same regiment as me. Ryszard in the 1st battalion was, like me, the commander of the CKM team. Leszek served as a guard at the regiment's headquarters. We were lucky. We survived the Nazi occupation and service on the front line. After the war, during social gatherings, we often recalled this period. Ryszard Laskowski w 2007 he turned 80 years old this year. After the war, he was a radio officer in a high-seas fishing fleet. He lives in Świnoujście. I am still in constant contact with him by phone.
Our friend Leszek, unfortunately, died in... 2005 year.
When I commanded the CKM team as a corporal and then, after leaving the front, I was a student of the Infantry Officers' School No. 2 in Lublin, my father assembled pumps and turbines on Grochowska Street for the power plant in Powiśle, destroyed during the Warsaw Uprising. Soviet specialists helped in its reconstruction - the USSR provided the necessary building materials. Zakłady Mechaniczne Eng. Stefan Twardowski made turbine and pump units for the power plant. They were assembled by factory workers under the supervision of Henryk Mondszajn (Monarski). The first turbine set of the Warsaw Power Plant was launched April 25 1945 year. The ceremonial opening of the power plant took place in the presence of President Bolesław Bierut, Prime Minister Edward Osóbka-Morawski and Minister of National Defense General Michał Rola-Żymierski.
My father took a well-deserved retirement in January 1967 year. He worked as a locksmith and fitter for a total of 61 years. He died May 4, 1972, aged 82.
In birth, baptism, marriage and other documents, our family name was often written with serious errors that my ancestors did not pay attention to.
Because of the Mondszajn surname, my parents and I sometimes encountered humorous and, during the occupation, unpleasant life-threatening situations. Therefore, in order to avoid harassment, in consultation with my parents and with our successors in mind, January 30 1962 year we changed our name to Monarski.
Henryk Monarski (Mondszajn), an excellent field fitter, was called the ambassador of the Warsaw factory. The pumps installed by Henryk Monarski supplied, among others: water to the inhabitants of Gdynia.
Col. M.Eng. retired Stanisław Monarski, son of Henryk Monarski,
employee of the Mechanical Plant, Eng. Stefan Twardowski in the years 1941-1944.
